The study has been aimed to evaluate and compare the antioxidant 

activity in peel and pulp extracts of banana. The effect of variation of banana parts on 

the antioxidant activity showed different values. The DPPH free radical scavenging 

activity of banana parts (peel and pulp) were determined using different extracts 

(methanol, ethyl acetate and ethanol). Results represent that all extracts showed very 

good activity at highest concentration 800µg/ml. Among the all extracts, methanol 

extract of pulp exhibited highest free radical scavenging 91.27% at 800µg/ml.

Maximum reducing activity of banana peel was observed at 800µg/ml and showing 

0.260 in methanol. The data showed that, the entire sample increased their reducing 

ability when the concentration of extract increased. There was slight difference in 

reducing ability of all the three extracts. . The study suggests that peel and pulp 

extracts of banana could be useful to combat free radical mediated diseases.

This study will introduce a new differentiation operator, the Hilfer fractional-fractal derivative (H-FFD). The new proposed derivative aims to attract more non-local problems that show with the same time fractal behaviors. For numerical settlement of initial value problems, we use the shifted Legendre operational matrix. The main advantage of this method is that it reduces both linear and non-linear problems alike in solving the problem into a system of linear and non-linear algebraic equations. In addition, the numerical approximation of this new operator also offers some applications to systems of linear and non-linear problems.

An artificial neural network (ANN) is a kind of human brain learning method software simulation. ANN is suitable for classification issues and has proven successful in many practical applications. Signal interference, power consumption, and signal noise are the main issues in signal processing research. This project proposes AALR, attempts to develop a neural network demodulator and machine learning technology. As a result of the new concepts, the neural network demodulator processing speed has improved by 88%, increasing output accuracy by 7%.

The pollution of the Earth-system by microplastics (MPs) has attracted the scientific community's attention during the last decade due to the ability of MPs to alter the soil and agronomic lands properties and affect the soil flora and fauna, and thus via food chain may harm human health. The current review attempted to survey several previous studies to demonstrate the possible sources of MPs in soil characterised as primary and secondary sources depending on the way MPs are generated. Most of MPs released from these sources ended into the soil and can emigrate within soil profile, which negatively affects several physiochemical soil properties, soil biota, and plants that may alter biodiversity and agronomic land productivity. The bioremediation of MPs-polluted terrestrial environment using some microorganisms is an optimum economic and eco-friendly technology. This review is a first step to help researchers identify the main sources and effects of MPs pollution in Libyan farmlands to stand up on the current levels of these substances in soil and suggest future strategies to avoid possible harm impacts of MPs pollution over our country. ا

Malaysia is a country of numerous natural wonders, which include a collection of impressive cave formations. Found all over the country, these caves contain rock art and wall paintings. The samples were collected from wall surfaces painted caves of Niah, Sarawak, and Tempurung, Perak. Three cyanobacterial genera, have been characterized using a polyphasic approach by comparing phenotypic characteristics, using a light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Molecular characteristics, by confirmed their identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The microflora from both sampling locations was represented by three cyanobacteria morphospecies, Synechococcus sp. (18.78%), Gloeocapsa sp. (12.20%), Chroococcus sp. (4.94%). The photomicrographs of all the dominant microalgae recorded. Synechococcus sp. a cylindrical oblong elliptical unicellular or sometimes 2 to 4 cells as a result of cell division. Under SEM Synechococcus sp. cells were cylindrical to oblong 2.6 μm in diameter and 3.8μm long. The cells were enclosed in hyaline mucilage and with cells usually aggregating in large numbers to form colonies. Gloeocapsa sp. cells were spherical, blue- green homogeneous contents, enclosed by wide colorless sheaths, of diameter 2-4μm, with sheaths 4-8μm. Chloroococcus sp. cells were spherical, sometimes hemispherical after division, united cell in colonies of two sheath, sheath is colorless and the individual cells were large; 20-28μm in diameter. According to DNA sequence analysis, cyanobacteria l was closely related to Synechococcus sp, (99% similarity), cyanobacteria ll was found to be similar to Gloeocapsa sp. (97% similarity) and cyanobacteria lll was Chroococcus sp. (95% similarity). This study, used chemicals agents to control cyanobacteria from both sampling locations, by (NaOCl), (Ca(OCl)2) and (H₂O₂). The result showed that, 5% H₂O₂, Ca(OCl)2 and NaOCl gave a significant difference (p˂0.05) on the growth of cyanobacteria. However, the effect of 15% H₂O₂ was not significantly different (p˃0.05) with Ca(OCl)2 and NaOCl at 10, 15, and 30 minutes exposure, only 5 minutes exposure was significant (p˂0.05)

This review will highlight the chemical constituents and detail description of morphology and the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Myrtus communis. This plant commonly known as myrtle, is an evergreen and aromatic herb of the family Myrtaceae, it is widely distributed throughout the world. M. communis was reported to contain carbohydrates (88.69%), crude protein (5.97%), crude oil (3.59%), moisture content (63.67%) and total ash (1.75%) and mineral elements and many other bioactive contents. Manypharmacological activities viz., antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective etc. have been reported in different plant extracts.

This paper attempts to create an artificial neural networks (ANNs) technique for solving well-known fractal-fractional differential equations (FFDEs). FFDEs have the advantage of being able to help explain a variety of real-world physical problems. The technique implemented in this paper converts the original differential equation into a minimization problem using a suggested truncated power series of the solution function. Next, answer to the problem is obtained via computing the parameters with highly precise neural network model. We can get a good approximate solution of FFDEs by combining the initial conditions with the ANNs performance. Examples are provided to portray the efficiency and applicability of this method. Comparison with similar existing approaches are also conducted to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed approach.

 The groundwater aquifers in Azintan, northwestern Libya suffer from an acute shortage of water. The groundwater was evaluated to determine its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes from major two aquifers in north and south of Azintan area. This study carried out to assess the groundwater quality and to identify major affecting variables. Twelve samples from the two aquifers were collected. The two aquifers were collected and analyzed for total dissolved solid (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl^-, SO4^2-, CO3^2- and HCO3^-. The results show that, the groundwater in many places is dominated by higher concentrations of Cl^-, SO4^2- and HCO3^-. Two water types were recognized in this region are Cl-SO4- Na-Ca and Cl-SO4-Na. Gibbs and Piper method, as well as the hardness, soluble sodium percentage and the permeability index all have been used to assess the diagram quality of the groundwater of aquifers. Further, the multiple correlations and Cluster Analysis of groundwater quality parameters were carried out for further classification and interpretation of the groundwater quality. Finally, water qualities in the study area are compared with Libyan standards and WHO guidelines of drinking water and irrigation  purposes.

This study used the fractional B-spline collocation technique to obtain the numerical solution of fractal-fractional differential equations. The technique was considered to solve the fractal-fractional differential equations (FFDEs) with (). In this suggested technique, the B-spline of fractional order was utilised in the collocation technique. The scheme was easily attained, efficient, and relatively precise with reduced computational work numerical findings. Via the proposed technique, FFDEs can be reduced for solving a system of linear algebraic equations using an appropriate numerical approach. The verified numerical illustrative experiments were presented will show the effectiveness of the technique proposed in this study in solving FFDEs in three cases of nonlocal integral and differential operators namely power law kernel, when the kernels are exponential and the generalization of Mittag-Leffler kernel. The approximate solution is very good and accurate to the exact solution.