This study will introduce a new differentiation operator, the Hilfer fractional-fractal derivative (H-FFD). The new proposed derivative aims to attract more non-local problems that show with the same time fractal behaviors. For numerical settlement of initial value problems, we use the shifted Legendre operational matrix. The main advantage of this method is that it reduces both linear and non-linear problems alike in solving the problem into a system of linear and non-linear algebraic equations. In addition, the numerical approximation of this new operator also offers some applications to systems of linear and non-linear problems.

An artificial neural network (ANN) is a kind of human brain learning method software simulation. ANN is suitable for classification issues and has proven successful in many practical applications. Signal interference, power consumption, and signal noise are the main issues in signal processing research. This project proposes AALR, attempts to develop a neural network demodulator and machine learning technology. As a result of the new concepts, the neural network demodulator processing speed has improved by 88%, increasing output accuracy by 7%.

The pollution of the Earth-system by microplastics (MPs) has attracted the scientific community's attention during the last decade due to the ability of MPs to alter the soil and agronomic lands properties and affect the soil flora and fauna, and thus via food chain may harm human health. The current review attempted to survey several previous studies to demonstrate the possible sources of MPs in soil characterised as primary and secondary sources depending on the way MPs are generated. Most of MPs released from these sources ended into the soil and can emigrate within soil profile, which negatively affects several physiochemical soil properties, soil biota, and plants that may alter biodiversity and agronomic land productivity. The bioremediation of MPs-polluted terrestrial environment using some microorganisms is an optimum economic and eco-friendly technology. This review is a first step to help researchers identify the main sources and effects of MPs pollution in Libyan farmlands to stand up on the current levels of these substances in soil and suggest future strategies to avoid possible harm impacts of MPs pollution over our country. ا

This review will highlight the chemical constituents and detail description of morphology and the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Myrtus communis. This plant commonly known as myrtle, is an evergreen and aromatic herb of the family Myrtaceae, it is widely distributed throughout the world. M. communis was reported to contain carbohydrates (88.69%), crude protein (5.97%), crude oil (3.59%), moisture content (63.67%) and total ash (1.75%) and mineral elements and many other bioactive contents. Manypharmacological activities viz., antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective etc. have been reported in different plant extracts.

This paper attempts to create an artificial neural networks (ANNs) technique for solving well-known fractal-fractional differential equations (FFDEs). FFDEs have the advantage of being able to help explain a variety of real-world physical problems. The technique implemented in this paper converts the original differential equation into a minimization problem using a suggested truncated power series of the solution function. Next, answer to the problem is obtained via computing the parameters with highly precise neural network model. We can get a good approximate solution of FFDEs by combining the initial conditions with the ANNs performance. Examples are provided to portray the efficiency and applicability of this method. Comparison with similar existing approaches are also conducted to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed approach.

 The groundwater aquifers in Azintan, northwestern Libya suffer from an acute shortage of water. The groundwater was evaluated to determine its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes from major two aquifers in north and south of Azintan area. This study carried out to assess the groundwater quality and to identify major affecting variables. Twelve samples from the two aquifers were collected. The two aquifers were collected and analyzed for total dissolved solid (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl^-, SO4^2-, CO3^2- and HCO3^-. The results show that, the groundwater in many places is dominated by higher concentrations of Cl^-, SO4^2- and HCO3^-. Two water types were recognized in this region are Cl-SO4- Na-Ca and Cl-SO4-Na. Gibbs and Piper method, as well as the hardness, soluble sodium percentage and the permeability index all have been used to assess the diagram quality of the groundwater of aquifers. Further, the multiple correlations and Cluster Analysis of groundwater quality parameters were carried out for further classification and interpretation of the groundwater quality. Finally, water qualities in the study area are compared with Libyan standards and WHO guidelines of drinking water and irrigation  purposes.

This study used the fractional B-spline collocation technique to obtain the numerical solution of fractal-fractional differential equations. The technique was considered to solve the fractal-fractional differential equations (FFDEs) with (). In this suggested technique, the B-spline of fractional order was utilised in the collocation technique. The scheme was easily attained, efficient, and relatively precise with reduced computational work numerical findings. Via the proposed technique, FFDEs can be reduced for solving a system of linear algebraic equations using an appropriate numerical approach. The verified numerical illustrative experiments were presented will show the effectiveness of the technique proposed in this study in solving FFDEs in three cases of nonlocal integral and differential operators namely power law kernel, when the kernels are exponential and the generalization of Mittag-Leffler kernel. The approximate solution is very good and accurate to the exact solution.

Abstract:

Nepeta cyrenaica Quézel & Zaffran (Lamiaceae), an endemic species of Libyan flora, is here characterized for the first time for its phytochemical composition and biological activities. Phenolic composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibiting effects of extracts, prepared from five-week-old in vitro propagated N. cyrenaica shoots, were evaluated. Extraction was performed using dichloromethane, methanol, 96% ethanol or hot distilled water. LC-MS analysis showed that the methanol extract contained the highest amount of phenolic components, especially ferulic and rosmarinic acids (1300.73 mg/kg and 528.88 mg/kg, respectively), and epigallocatechin gallate (719.05 mg/kg). The strongest antioxidant activity was recorded for aqueous extract in DPPH assay (66.91%) and dichloromethane extract in β-carotene bleaching assay (81.06%), both tested at the concentration of 2 mg/mL. Concerning α-glucosidase inhibition, dichloromethane extract was shown to possess a higher inhibition capacity than acarbose at the concentration of 2 mg/mL (95.33% vs. 88.29%). The aqueous extract exhibited higher acetylcholinesterase inhibition than the other tested extracts, which was lower compared to the positive control, galantamine. Although methanol extract contained the highest amount of polyphenolics, dichloromethane and aqueous extracts were shown to be more suitable for the extraction of bioactive components. In conclusion, endemic N. cyrenaica could be efficiently propagated through in vitro propagation protocols as a polyphenolic-rich plant with valuable medicinal potential.

Keywords: biological activities; extracts; in vitro propagation; Nepeta cyrenaica

This study considers the diagenetic processes and the depositional settings of Lower Jurassic gypsum of the Bi'r Elghanem Formation in the northwestern of Libya. The paleo-environment study has revealed a variety of depositional environment ranging from lagoonal to fluvial deposit and evaporitic basins, which become intensely saline as a result of evaporation due to (semi-) arid environments. Samples were analyzed using elemental analysis, statistical evaluation such as Multiple Correlations, Principal Component Analysis, and mineralogical evidence to determine their mode of environmental deposition, mineralogical and geochemical composition. The geochemical results indicate that gypsum has evidence of mineral substitutions and displacement, suggesting a homologous mechanism for lithofacies and subsequent textural change. The development of gypsum minerals in a variety of lithologies and textures is aided by eustatic fluctuations in lake water level due to regional tectonism and climate.

Water used for crop irrigation is often of insufficient quality in the Mediterranean region, where sea water invades the porous karst matrix and salinizes Sources of soil and water. Measuring the productivity of horticultural crops under saline conditions helps decide if and when crops should be irrigated if water is saline, thus balancing crop water and salt stress. To examine the effects of saline irrigation water on (Vicia faba L.) biomass and yield parameters, a greenhouse pot experiment was set up.NaCl salinity was applied as follows: After 15 days from irrigation, plants were subjected to graded levels of salinity: 0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl, applied in stepwise daily increments to avoid induction of salt shock to the seedlings. Height of Plant (cm), The number of lateral branches , number of( leaves, pods, seeds) per plant, shoot weight (g), is correlated with an increase in stressed plant photosynthetic pigments. five weeks after salinity therapy, the weight of the pod (g) and the weight of the seed (g) were determined. Increased irrigation water salinity statistically significantly decreased the calculated parameters (P<0.05) relative to regulation , except for the number of branches and pods. Salinity is associated with an increase in photosynthetic pigments in stressed plants. The productivity of Vicia faba has decreased in proportion to the degree of salinity of irrigation water